三界宙
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三界宙（Cosmere），台译寰宇，布兰登·桑德森笔下的虚构宇宙，他所写的成人史诗奇幻小说（包括《伊岚翠》、《迷雾之子》系列、《破战者》和《飓光志》系列）全部发生在该体系内。[1]一般而言，读者即便不了解三界宙的情况也能读懂这些作品，但它们之间还是存在一定的隐性关联，建议对界域论（Realmatic Theory）作一了解。 [2]桑德森在书中埋藏了众多彩蛋，就等有心的读者去发掘，这无疑会增添阅读三界宙小说的趣味性。
三界宙的背景故事将在《龙钢》系列中揭晓，而在最后一套《迷雾之子》三部曲中，将会出现跨星际交流的情节。[3]
三界宙神话中，最基本的概念乃主神阿多拿西（Adonalsium），其分裂出的十六块碎片称为碎瑛（Shard），持有碎瑛神力者称为神瑛（Shard），也即三界宙的诸神。三界宙中的魔法体系均是诸神神力的体现。
概貌
结构
三界宙的结构和我们的宇宙相同，但它实为一个致密矮星系，位于其中的天体相对较少。[5]时间的流速在三界宙中是不变的，除非受到魔法的影响，比如在镕金术师燃烧镉或弯管合金之时。[6]
三界宙中共有十颗主要星球，有时可唤其为碎瑛世界（Shardworld），因为阿多拿西分裂而出的碎瑛在这些星球上起主导作用。此外，那些有生命，但不受碎瑛的影响（或只受一部分影响）的星球，一般被视为次要的碎瑛世界。所有星球本身都有灵魂。[7]
界域
- 主条目：界域论
三界宙由三个界域——实界域（Physical Realm）、灵界域（Spiritual Realm）和知界域（Cognitive Realm）——构成，它们同时存在，使万物产生了三个层面：现实层面、灵魂层面和认知层面。[8]
- 实界域：实界域是现实域，也即生命体能感受到的界域。
- 知界域：知界域是认知域，又称裂影界（Shadesmar），通过该界域可实现星际旅行。[10]这里所谓的“认知”有两点意思：一是外界对事物的体察，二是事物对自身的体察。[8]
- 灵界域：灵界域是灵魂域，包含事物的本源以及它与周遭人或事的关联。[8]这是目前最为神秘、最难看透的界域。
- 彼界：在三大界域之外，还有一个人们在死后可以继续“前行”的彼界。此地超越空间与时间，神瑛也许能触碰到，[11]但在这个话题上，桑德森不愿过多展开。[12]
联想：“界域”这一三界宙特有概念基本等同于其他幻想作品设定中的“位面”或“次元”。
势力
除了阿多拿西所衍生出的势力，三界宙中还有别的存在。其一是流传至今的阿多拿西反对势力，[13]其二是人称“God Beyond”的“神秘势力”。[14][15]
- 阿多拿西：阿多拿西曾是三界宙唯一的主神（或创世神力），其真实属性依旧是谜。发生在上古时代的一起破碎事件摧毁了阿多拿西，祂随之化为十六块被称为碎瑛的碎片。这些碎瑛各自留有阿多拿西的一部分原始神力，被有意识的个体掌控后降临于十大世界，每个星球上随之产生了不同的魔法体系。
- God Beyond：God Beyond是某类神祇，本身是很原始、很模糊的概念，其信徒分布于多个三界宙星球，他们相信在阿多拿西和众神瑛之外，还有别的至高存在。
魔法
三界宙中的魔法渗透三大界域，[16] 统称神能（Investiture），意为阿多拿西魔法的一部分。[17]截至目前，我们所见的魔法均源于碎瑛——或阿多拿西——的神力。[18]具体的魔法体系——如镕金术和飓能术——是神能的表现形式，或称授能术。[19]在次要世界，人们并不直接运用神能，而是需要借助外物与魔法源产生交流。[20]
星球
- 主条目：/天文
目前已知的三界宙星球共有十颗，下表为概览。主要星球（即碎瑛世界）以绿色标出，次要星球以黄色标出。需要注意的是，下表中神瑛一栏的情况只是暂时的，未来可能会有改动。
| 世界 | 神瑛 | 书籍 |
|---|---|---|
| 埃辛 | 暂无[21] | The Silence Divine[22][23] |
| 庇雷 | 仇恨[24] | 飓光志[23] |
| 纳尔西斯 | Endowment[25] | 破战者 · 夜血[26] |
| 柔刹 | 荣誉 · 培养[27] | 飓光志[26] |
| 司卡德瑞尔 | 存留 · 灭绝[28] ~ 和谐* | 迷雾之子[26] |
| 瑟尔 | 忠爱 · 支配[29] | 伊岚翠及其后续[26] · 皇帝的灵魂[30] |
| 泰尔丹 | Autonomy[31] | 白沙[26] |
| 尤伦 | 未知 | 龙钢[26] |
| Threnody | 无 | 地狱树林里的沉默幽灵[32] |
| First of the Sun | 无 | Sixth of the Dusk[32] |
注意：“和谐”是碎瑛“灭绝”和“存留”的结合体，处在沙赛德一人的掌控下。[33]沙赛德升华后，可被看作一位神瑛，[34]但“和谐”本身并不属于最初由阿多拿西分裂而出的十六块碎瑛。
缘起
When Brandon was beginning writing and trying to get published, he loved gigantic epic fantasy series. He knew, however, that starting with a big series might not be the best idea. If he wrote four books in a series, and the first one didn't get published, he couldn't submit his sequels.[35] He decided instead to focus on standalones and trilogies. Not only would they be easier to market to publishers, but Brandon also wanted people to trust his writing before digging into something bigger.[36]
| I wrote thirteen novels before I sold one. I spent a lot of time practicing and learning, and I love big epic grand series. However, you know, you can't grow up reading the Wheel of Time without loving big series, but advice I heard early on was, selling a big series is actually pretty hard from a new author and if you, for instance, spend your life and you write like six books in the same series, and you send off the first book to someone and they don't buy it, you can't really send them the second book. ... I wanted to expand my chances, and so I wrote thirteen novels in different worlds, all with their own different magic systems and own characters. But secretly I loved the grand epic, and so I started connecting all these worlds during my unpublished era, and telling a hidden epic behind them all that I was setting up for. | ||
| —— Brandon[35]
|
He still loved the idea of a huge epic series, so he decided to create a "hidden" epic to link his novels together. His ideas for this connected universe--the cosmere--came about when he wrote Elantris, Dragonsteel, White Sand, and Mythwalker (which became Warbreaker).[35] Brandon had seen other authors who made a single universe for all their books, like Isaac Asimov, but Brandon didn't like how Asimov had to retcon and shoehorn things together to connect their books. Brandon wanted to do the cosmere from the ground-up, so it would always be consistent.[36]
Some ideas that came into the worldbuilding of the cosmere came from Plato's theory of forms, which contributed to the idea of Realmatic Theory, and the idea of the Physical, Cognitive, and Spiritual Realms. In this, the distinction of what is perceived as "ideal" and what is the true ideal is important: true ideals have much to do with the Spiritual Realm, while people's perception of ideals deals with the Cognitive Realm. Another influences is Spinoza, with the idea that God is in everything.[37] Brandon also incorporated the idea of a "unifying theory of everything" from physics to the magic in the cosmere. All magics have underlying rules, and are derived from a single unified theory of magic.[38]
There is a distinct beginning, middle, and end to the cosmere sequence, and a clear sequence Brandon wants to tell.[39] There's about 36 main cosmere books, and Brandon has three "core" cosmere series: Dragonsteel, Mistborn, and the Stormlight Archive,[40][41] which are well-planned out.[42] Dragonsteel is the start of the cosmere sequence that will tell Hoid's backstory[43] and, presumably, the Shattering of Adonalsium. Mistborn will have three big trilogies, its last one being science fiction, deals heavily with the cosmere[44] and has travel between the different planets of the cosmere.[45] Stormlight Archive is set in the middle of the cosmere sequence.[46] Generally, the cosmere will not come into the forefront until Dragonsteel or the final Mistborn trilogy,[3] and the final Mistborn trilogy is one of the last cosmere series, if not the last. Brandon has said it will all fit together, and thinks we'll be impressed.[47]
| I hope that people will stick with me for all these books, because I'll do a lot of them. But they will fit together in some really cool ways once they are all done. I think you'll be very very impressed, but that's a while off. | ||
| —— Brandon on the cosmere[47]
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At the start of Brandon's career, he wrote cosmere novels in chronological order, but there are books that are skipped, like Dragonsteel and White Sand,[46] some of his earlier, unpublished novels. (Those unpublished novels would need to be rewritten from scratch, much like Brandon rewrote The Way if Kings.[48]) He wanted these cosmere novels to not require knowledge of previous books in the hidden epic of the cosmere. Generally, clues to the cosmere are currently easter eggs, and will not be in the forefront. However, more hints to the greater universe are inevitable, and eventually the worlds will cross over and interact,[49] perhaps in the last Mistborn trilogy.
Hoid, a character who appears in each cosmere novel, is one such easter egg. It is not random where he is; Brandon has said that if Hoid appears in a place, that place is about to be very dangerous.[50] Hoid is doing things behind the scenes, and at some point, we might have Hoid short stories explaining what is doing and why.[51][52] There are also other people who cross between worlds that eventually Brandon thinks will be much clearer later, once we see those characters more.[53] But for now, they are easter eggs.
Brandon does not feel that the cosmere is restrictive to his writing.[47] Though cosmere novels are intensive, as they require more planning and specific rules[54] (Brandon has continuity editors, like Peter and Karen Ahlstrom, on his internal wiki to keep it straight[55]), he feels that if he needs to take a break, he can just write a non-cosmere novel. Those "breather" novels are used to keep Brandon creatively engaged, and are almost always non-cosmere.[56] If there is a concept he really wants to write but doesn't fit in the limitations of the cosmere, he moves it into a non-cosmere book.[57]
The Rithmatist used to be a cosmere novel, and its magics take many elements from cosmere magics,[58] but Brandon decided that Earth is not in the cosmere, nor any alternate Earths.[59]
Eventually, there will be an official timeline for cosmere events.[60] There will probably be a cosmere encyclopedia at some point, but not for a long time.[61] It is more likely there will be Stormlight and Mistborn worldbooks first.[62] There will eventually be a Shadesmar map and star map for the cosmere that is released.[63]
Brandon does generally plan out which cosmere hints to give to fans, but sometimes he gives hints on the fly. Usually, fans are able to pry much more than he initially intended to tell.[64]
轶闻
英文原词首字母的大小写
官方信息中，三界宙的英文原词“cosmere”首字母的大小写并不统一。通常而言，小说中（比如《飓光志》系列）需要小写，[65][66]但《执法镕金》的秘典中却出现了大写，[19]与《光辉真言》秘典中的写法相冲突。[67]令人疑惑的是，整个三界宙系列的秘典应是由同一人撰写，[68]照理来说不会出现这种问题。
再看看桑德森本人：他在回答问题时会忽而大写、[56]忽而小写。[69]其助理彼得·阿尔斯特伦表示，“cosmere”一词在书中往往小写首字母，其余情况下则大写。[70]
中文译名的更迭
- 大陆版：“cosmere”一词最初由屈畅先生译作“奇宙”，[71]后在《飓光志·王者之路》中正式定名为“三界宙”。这个生造词本身并不含有“三界”的概念，之所以这么译，主要是因为这个宇宙由三个界域所构成。
- 台湾版：同样为段宗忱女士翻译的《迷雾之子·执法熔金》与《飓光典籍·王者之路》中，出现了“寇司米尔”与“寰宇”两种译法。且此种一词两译的情况并非个例，非但出现在跨作品中，在同作品的前后册中，也经常出现，例如在《飓光典籍·王者之路》与《飓光典籍·灿军箴言》中，重要角色塔拉梵吉安的名字就出现了两种译法。
引用与注释
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